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The Gerontologist Advance Access originally published online on April 22, 2009
The Gerontologist 2009 49(3):397-406; doi:10.1093/geront/gnp036
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

Perceived Income Adequacy Among Older Adults in 12 Countries: Findings From the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe

Howard Litwin, DSW1,2 and Eliyahu V. Sapir, MA2,3

2 Israel Gerontological Data Center, Paul Baerwald School of Social Work, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Mount Scopus, Israel
3 Department of Political Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Mount Scopus, Israel

1 Address correspondence to Howard Litwin, Israel Gerontological Data Center, Paul Baerwald School of Social Work, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem 91905, Israel. E-mail: mshowie{at}huji.ac.il


  Abstract

Purpose: To validate a survey research measure of subjective income, as measured by perceived income adequacy, in an international context. Design and Methods: The study population comprised persons aged 50 years and older in 12 countries from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (n = 28,939). Perceived difficulty in making ends meet was regressed on sociodemographic variables, economic indicators, health status measures, and expectations regarding one's financial future. Country differences were also controlled. Results: The findings confirm a multidimensional explanation of perceived income adequacy but also point to the primacy of objective economic indicators in predicting household financial distress. Respondents aged 80 years and older report less financial difficulty. Poor health status and pessimistic financial expectations also predict greater household financial distress but to a lesser degree. Implications: Self-rated economic status is a robust indicator of financial capacity in older age and can be used by practitioners to gain meaningful information. However, practitioners should keep in mind that the oldest-old may underestimate financial difficulties.

Keywords: Self-rated economic status, Persons aged 50+, Household finances, Making ends meet, SHARE

Received March 19, 2008; Accepted July 3, 2008

Decision Editor: William J. McAuley, PhD


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